Trump reveals 'very substantial' - but partial - trade deal with China

Donald Trump and Liu He during their meeting in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington.

President Donald Trump hailed a breakthrough in his drawn-out trade war with China, saying the two sides reached an initial deal that included a surge in purchase of American farm products.
With the agreement - which also covers intellectual property, financial services and currencies - the White House will hold off on a massive tariff increase planned for this week, and as negotiations progress new tariffs planned for December also could be called off, US officials said.
The interim bargain could allow both economic powers to claim success, while averting damaging escalation in the trade war and leaving the thorniest issues for later.
Trump hailed China's pledged to rapidly ramp up purchases of American farm products, to a stunning figure of $40-$50 billion. That would be a stunning feat, more than doubling from the prior level of less than $20 billion in 2017.
Total US agriculture exports were $140 billion in 2018, so that increase would mean a third would go to China.
"So I suggest the farmers go immediately by more land and get bigger tractors," Trump told reporters at the White House.
"There was a lot of friction with China. Now it's a love fest," he said at the end of his meeting with Beijing's lead trade envoy, Vice-Premier Liu He.
After more than a year of trench warfare, however, it remained unclear whether the countries could sustain the momentum needed to conclude subsequent "phases" of the deal.
However, some observers said the deal was a underwhelming. Greg Daco, head of US macroeconomics at Oxford Economics called it an "itsy-bitsy-teeny-weeny handshake deal".
Though it lays the foundation for a broader deal later, "behind the hype, this is nothing more than partial and ostensibly unsustainable deal lacking in real enforcement mechanisms," he said in an analysis. "For businesses this will mean less damage, not greater certainty."
Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin told reporters Washington will not impose the tariff increase on $250 billion in Chinese goods, which were set to rise to 30 per cent from 25 per cent on Tuesday.
And US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer said the next round of tariffs due to hit on December 15 could be canceled.
"The president has not made a final decision on that, but there was plenty of time to make that decision. That is certainly part of this process with the Chinese," he said.
He also said the agreement will include new measures on enforcement.
While the details are scant, Mnuchin said the sides made good progress on opening the Chinese economy to financial services, while including an agreement on preventing manipulation of the yuan.
The US Treasury in August branded China a currency manipulator, accusing Beijing of deliberately weakening the yuan to gain unfair trade advantages, making good on a Trump campaign pledge.
Trump also said the deal would make some steps toward protecting American technology, a major focus of the trade frictions.
Since the China trade war began last year, moments of comity and cheer have more than once been shattered, giving way to jolting deteriorations in relations between the two sides.
In the spring, officials said a deal was more or less at hand, only to have Washington resume tariff increases in May, accusing Beijing of reneging on core commitments already put down in writing.
China has so far balked at Trump's demands for profound changes in the way Beijing manages its economy, which analysts say could politically undermine the Communist Party.
Liu praised the accord.
"We very much agreed to get to the China-US economic relationship right. It is something good for China or for the United States and for the whole world," he told reporters at the White House.
"We are making progress towards a positive direction."