Emerging investors eye trade, geopolitics in US race

Money managers say they may have to factor in higher oil prices and Middle East tensions if Republican John McCain wins, or tougher international trade conditions if Democrat Barack Obama comes out ahead in November.

But with both party conventions just around the corner, they are still looking for more clarity on what the candidates actually propose.

"It's something we've been talking about although it's not something we have taken any investment decisions on yet," said Jason Hepner, investment director for global strategy at Standard Life in Edinburgh, who helps manage $3 billion in emerging assets.

"It's difficult to tell what an Obama administration would actually mean. If you had protectionism with manufactured goods that would affect countries such as China most but if you had agricultural goods protectionism that would be more damaging to Latin America."

The two candidates are seen offering a sharp contrast on trade. McCain has voiced unreserved support for free trade deals while Obama argues labour and environmental concerns must come first [ID:nN01423605].

"Obama is clearly seen as more protectionist, and that would definitely be a negative for emerging markets," said Millennium Global strategist Claire Dissaux.

But Hepner said worries over protectionism had to be balanced against the potential for a rise in geopolitical tensions under McCain, particularly with Iran, possibly ushering in higher oil prices that might dent growth.

A Reuters/Zogby poll on Wednesday showed the Republican candidate opening up a 5-point lead on Obama, helped by the belief that he would be a stronger manager of the economy.

Oil higher?

"McCain would be seen as more hardline in terms of foreign policy particularly regards the Middle East," he said.

"You might expect to have a lower oil price with Obama in the longer term and the question will be whether that would offset any protectionism."

On that assumption, a McCain presidency with higher oil prices could benefit Gulf and other oil producers.

Relatively wide current account deficits in South Africa and Turkey, amongst others, have meant they suffered more from higher energy costs this year and a drop in global risk appetite.

But some analysts say increased risk aversion could benefit the EU's fast-growing Central European economies, where currencies like the Czech crown and Polish zloty have been treated as safe havens this year.

Others say the crown and the zloty look to have peaked and are vulnerable both to a Western European recession and a resurgent Russia with a stranglehold over oil supplies.

Rhetoric between Russia and the West is also seen rising faster in the event of a McCain victory, but investors are less clear how that might affect oil prices and economies given that crude prices barely moved on the recent Russia-Georgia conflict.

Analysts said sentiment towards Russia itself is likely to be more dependent on whether the Kremlin launches more attacks on major companies in the style of the destruction of oil giant YUKOS rather than its rows with the West.

Tight on trade

Opinions differ on which economies would be most exposed to any upturn in trade protectionism under an Obama White House -- or indeed whether protectionism would inevitably follow a victory by the senator for Illinois.

Some suggest China might suffer from any increase in restrictions on trade between it and the United States, but others say the larger economies such as India and China now have enough domestic demand to weather any storm and smaller Asian economies would be harder hit.

Some say American policy would have little impact.

"India at the moment is not so exposed to the US," said Commerzbank head of emerging markets research Michael Ganske.

"It is almost entirely a domestic story."

Overall, Ganske said he believed Obama would be best for emerging markets, with a more multilateralist foreign policy a boost for the sector.

He said he was unworried by protectionist noises from Obama such as talk during the primaries of renegotiating the North American Free-Trade Agreement (NAFTA) -- seen as particularly negative for the Mexican economy.

"They have to say things like that to win the election," he said.