Alonso, who took his titles with Renault in 2005 and 2006, has not won a race since his 32nd career victory at Ferrari in 2013
The 34-year-old top-scored with 69, his 47th ODI half century, to move to 8,026 career runs and ahead of former captain Stephen Fleming's 8,007 as New Zealand scored 330 for six at University Oval.
Tim Southee then took three wickets in his first two overs with Sabbir Rahman's maiden one-day century not enough as Bangladesh were dismissed for 242 in 47.2 overs to give New Zealand a 3-0 series sweep. Southee finished with 6-65.
"I knew I was close at the start of the day ... but that was only because I was told I was 50 runs away by a journalist yesterday," Taylor told Sky Sports on Wednesday.
"It was nice to get the reception I got," he added of the standing ovation he received when he reached 51 and the crowd were told of the significance of the score. "Very humbling."
The right hander, who now has an average of 48.34, however, said he did not expect to hold the record for too long.
"It's nice to set the bar for the next guy," Taylor added. "Probably Guppy (Martin Guptill) and then Kane (Williamson) after that."
Guptill, who scored centuries in each of the first two games, has 6440 runs at 43.51, while captain Williamson has 5554 at 45.90.
Taylor is in a rich run of form. He has scored 2892 at 68.85 with eight centuries since the last World Cup and averaged 91.28 last year, but sidestepped any questions about retirement.
"We'll have to wait and see how the body is going," said Taylor, who turns 35 on March 8.
"It's definitely in your thinking, because you have to think about retirement after cricket.
"In saying that you still need to earn the right to play for the team. At the moment I'm really enjoying my time and hopefully I'll have a couple of more years left in me."
New Zealand have no more official ODIs before the World Cup starts on May 30, but Taylor said he felt they had learned enough from 3-0 series sweeps against Sri Lanka and Bangladesh and a 4-1 loss to India to be competitive in England.
"I think we're getting a good nucleus of depth in this team and hopefully we can go over and compete," he said.
"I guess we need to have a full complement of batters and bowlers going well."Winless visitors
New Zealand
M. Guptill c Iqbal b Saifuddin 29
C. Munro lbw Mortaza 8
H. Nicholls c Iqbal b Hasan 64
R. Taylor c Mamdullah b Rubel 69
T. Latham c Sarkar b Rahman 59
J. Neesham b Rahman 37
C. de Grandhomme not out 37
M. Santner not out 16
Extras: (lb 3, nb 2, w 6) 11
Total: (for 6 wkts; 50 overs) 330
Fall: 1-21, 2-59, 3-151, 4-206, 5-271, 6-284
Bowling: Mashrafe Mortaza 10-1-51-1, Mustafizur Rahman 10-0-93-2 (3w, 1nb), Rubel Hossain 9-0-64-1 (1nb), Mohammad Saifuddin 10-0-48-1, Mehidy Hasan 9-0-43-1 (1w), Mahmudullah 2-0-28-0 (2w)
Bangladesh
T. Iqbal c Latham b Southee 0
L. Das lbw Southee 1
S. Sarkar b Southee 0
M Rahim c Munro b Boult 17
Mahmudullah c Munro b de Grandhomme 16
S. Rahman c and b Southee 102
M. Saifuddin c Guptill b Boult 44
M. Mortaza c Boult b Southee 2
M. Hasan c Guptill b Southee 37
R. Hossain run out (Santner/Southee) 3
M. Rahman not out 0
Extras: (lb 2, w 18) 20
Total: (all out; 47.2 overs) 242
Fall: 1-0 (Iqbal), 2-1 (Sarkar), 3-2 (Das), 4-40 (Rahim), 5-61 (Mahmudullah), 6-162 (Saifuddin), 7-170 (Mortaza), 8-237 (Hasan), 9-242 (Hossain), 10-242 (S.Rahman)
Bowling: Southee 9.2-1-65-6 (11w), Boult 9-1-37-1 (2w), de Grandhomme 5-0-18-1 (2w), Ferguson 10-0-50-0 (3w), Santner 10-2-46-0, Neesham 4-0-24-0
Toss: Bangladesh
Result: New Zealand win by 88 runs
Man of the match: Tim Southee
Series: New Zealand win 3-0
Umpires: Wayne Knights (NZL), Sundaram Ravi (IND)
TV umpire: Marais Erasmus (RSA)
Match referee: Steve Bernard (AUS)
Alonso, who took his titles with Renault in 2005 and 2006, has not won a race since his 32nd career victory at Ferrari in 2013
The rise of 'slow quitting', 'wage theft' and more
Sharjah Art Foundation's ongoing exhibitions devoted to the radical works of Emily Karaka and Bouchra Khalili carry a powerful message for the fragmented contemporary world of today
They find Dubai to be a business-friendly destination
She talks about the doors of opportunities money opened up for her in the country
A deep dive into the question that keeps resurfacing, 'Do you love me?'
AI chatbots in therapy: Game changer or just a fad?