Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) announced a series of protests from Friday
Making her first appearance at the tournament following a first-round bye, top seed Osaka outclassed Tomova, ranked 181st in the world, 7-5, 6-3 in Osaka, western Japan.
"I was a little nervous at the beginning," admitted Osaka, seeking to clinch her first victory at the home event after being runner-up in 2016 and 2018.
Osaka, who crashed out of this month's US Open in the last 16, started slowly, losing the first three games in the first set, but later found her rhythm with solid serves and crisp volleying to secure the first set.
Tomova's quick court coverage caused Osaka difficulty throughout the match but in the end the two-time Grand Slam champion had too much power for her lowly opponent, serving a succession of rapid aces.
The 21-year-old, who was born in the city, said the cheers of her hometown fans helped her put in a solid performance.
She will take on either Russia's Varvara Flink or Yulia Putintseva of Kazakhstan in the quarterfinals.
Last week, Osaka announced she was splitting with her coach, her second break-up this year as she battles for form and slips from the number-one position in the world rankings to number four.
Osaka had already caught the tennis world by surprise when she announced she was parting ways with coach Sascha Bajin, who had overseen her stunning rise to win two Grand Slams - the US Open in 2018 and the Australian Open title in January.
Her main challengers in the Japan event will be fellow top-10 players Kiki Bertens from the Netherlands and US sensation Sloane Stephens.
Former world number one Angelique Kerber of Germany downed unseeded Nicole Gibbs of the US 6-2, 6-4 following her first-round bye.
"It's tough. She played really well," Kerber said.
Madison Keys, the 2017 US Open runner-up, came from behind to narrowly beat Kazakhstan's Zarina Diyas 5-7, 6-0, 6-4.
The fifth seed American lost the first set but found her form in the second to shut out the unseeded Diyas before sealing the win in the deciding set 6-4.
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