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Don't be a prisoner of your thoughts

As a psychologist, I regularly work with people whose daily experiences of the world and other people are shaped by the tyranny of their memories.

As recently as a few years ago, I still could not stand to paint the inside of my house. Painting always seemed to me to be a quiet activity with lots of time for a wandering mind to think. Within hours of starting to paint, I would find myself mired in recollections of painful emotions and broken dreams. It was like a time machine taking me back to a period when I had to paint the inside of my house while languishing in the despair of a broken heart. Long road trips similarly evoked a parade of memories of lost relationships from my adolescent years. I found it amazing that my present moments, my thoughts and my feelings, could be so clouded by decades old events . even those I had already worked through with the help of others.
Now, years later and as a psychologist, I regularly work with people whose daily experiences of the world and other people are shaped by the tyranny of their memories. What defines you and your daily experiences? Whether you define yourself as a brain, a body, or a soul, how you navigate the world and relationships is largely influenced by your past experiences . by your memory. Attachment styles, as emotion regulation strategies and roadmaps for the social world, have strong implications for memory and present real-time experience.
People with dismissing attachment styles show evidence of decreased recall for memories of relationships and emotional content from the past. A hallmark of dismissing attachment is that people with this style regularly report having little to no memory of early childhood.
People with disorganised or fearful attachment styles have memories that may be disjointed and fragmented when it comes to recalling difficult interactions with others. Verbalising memories in this way typically results in someone being classified as 'unresolved' in relation to loss and trauma. In other words, disturbing memories from the past still interfere with thought processes.
Consider for example a person with a preoccupied attachment style who tells their therapist a painful story of fractured relationships, loss, and distress. This person may tell the story multiple times across the next several months of treatment. Each time the story is told, it activates the painful emotions that go along with it. These painful emotions are experienced in the real present moment and further solidify the memory.
Many supportive helpers will encourage this emotional processing, assuming that they are facilitating a therapeutic emotional release. While that may be true, there also reaches a point of diminishing returns where retelling the story just prolongs the sense of loss and relationship dysfunction that negatively impacts the person's self-concept. At this point, a mental health professional may suggest, with care and respect, that retelling the story and re-experiencing the emotions may be what is keeping the person stuck. I have suggested to people in this situation, that there really is little left to figure out by rehashing the painful memory. That they may be better served by changing how they think and feel in the present.
Try this thought experiment:
The next time you are bothered by something and mulling it over in your head to the point where you are feeling annoyed or otherwise experiencing negative emotions, ask yourself: "If I did not have a memory, what would this present moment look like?" Would I still be having a negative experience?
I did this recently on the way to work after having a spat with a relative and a difficult interaction with a coworker. I asked myself this question: What if I didn't have a memory? At that moment, I looked up at the clear blue sky and took a breath of the clean fresh air. I brought my attention to my body and noted that I felt strong and healthy. I thought of the exciting and important work I had to do that day. And I answered the question. "There would be absolutely nothing wrong with this moment. The present moment is a good one." And with that, I was able to let go of my memory of the spat and negative interaction and started my day positive. Try it!
Researchers found evidence that when we recall memories, it changes our physiological reactions (heartbeat; sweating) in the present. Memories activate real-time emotions. So, the more you think about negative events from the past, the more emotional pain you will feel in the present moment.
My take-home message is to encourage you to practice not living in fear of your own painful memories, to realise that they are not of the present moment and need not dictate how you feel, or even who you know yourself to be, in the present.
-Psychology Today
Hal Shorey is a professor of clinical psychology at Widener University's Institute of Graduate Clinical Psychology in Pennsylvania